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Working Principle and Wide Applications of Pneumatic Vacuum Feeding Machines

2025-10-24

I. Working Principle of Pneumatic Vacuum Feeding Machines
Pneumatic vacuum feeding machines utilize compressed air to drive a vacuum generator, creating a negative pressure environment that uses pressure differentials to adsorb powder or granular materials, enabling enclosed conveying. Their core workflow consists of four stages:

Vacuum Generation: Compressed air enters the vacuum generator (based on the Venturi principle), forming negative pressure (typically -0.4 to -0.6 MPa) within the conveying pipeline.

Material Suction: The air pressure at the suction nozzle is lower than the external pressure, causing materials to mix with air and form a material-air flow, which enters the hopper through a hose.

Air-Material Separation: Air is discharged through the filter, while materials fall into the storage bin due to gravity. The reverse blow device automatically cleans the filter element.

Cyclic Discharge: Once the hopper is full, valves open to discharge the material. The vacuum pump restarts to begin the next cycle, with level sensors enabling intelligent start-stop control.

II. Structural Components and Core Parts

Power Module: Pneumatic vacuum generator (electricity-free design, explosion-proof and safe).

Conveying System: Suction nozzle, hose, stainless steel hopper, and filter (options include polyester membrane-coated, PE, or 316L stainless steel).

Control Unit: Pneumatic valves, reverse blow airbag, and level sensors (supporting timed, quantitative, or linked control).

III. Wide Application Fields

Pharmaceutical and Food Industries: Compliant with cleanliness standards, used for powder filling and mixed material conveying.

Chemical and New Energy Industries: Handles dust-prone and easily adsorbed materials (e.g., lithium battery raw materials).

Plastics and Building Materials Industries: Enables long-distance conveying of modified plastics, cement additives, etc.

IV. Performance Advantages

Efficiency and Environmental Protection: Fully enclosed conveying eliminates dust pollution, with a single conveying distance of up to 20 meters.

Flexibility and Safety: Electricity-free design suits explosion-proof environments; lightweight structure (50–120 kg) ensures easy mobility.

Intelligence and Compatibility: Supports variations such as continuous and negative pressure types, adaptable to different production capacity requirements.